The Ernst Busch Academy of Dramatic Arts (Hochschule für Schauspielkunst „Ernst Busch“) is a small, state-run public university of the performing arts located in the Mitte district of Berlin, Germany. It was formally established in 1951 as the National Theatre School of the young German Democratic Republic, though the institution traces its pedagogical lineage to the drama school founded by Max Reinhardt at the Deutsches Theater in 1905. It gained full higher-education status in 1981 and, the following year, was renamed in honour of the actor and singer Ernst Busch. In 2018 the academy consolidated its departments on a purpose-built campus in central Berlin.

Rather than a broad, multi-faculty institution, the academy is a highly specialised conservatoire devoted entirely to the theatre arts. It enrols only a few hundred students at a time, and admission is intensely competitive, resting on auditions and entrance examinations rather than academic grades alone. Teaching is organised around a compact set of degree programmes spanning acting, directing, dramaturgy, contemporary puppetry, choreography, and an experimental inter-media strand known as „Spiel und Objekt“. This emphasis on rigorous, practice-based ensemble training has long made it one of the most respected drama schools in the German-speaking world.

The school's standing rests largely on the prominence of its graduates across German and European film, television, and stage. Alumni include widely recognised performers such as Nina Hoss, Sandra Hüller, Lars Eidinger, Jan Josef Liefers, Henry Hübchen, and Alexander Fehling. Because it is a niche arts conservatoire rather than a research university, it does not appear in the major citation-based global league tables; aggregators that weight alumni prominence instead place it in the middle tier of institutions in Berlin and across Germany. Fewer than 250 students were enrolled as of the 2023 summer semester.